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All Saints Marlow - The Church by the Bridge
 
 
A Short History of All Saints Church Marlow
 
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MARLOW was a Saxon market town, then called Chepping Marlow. It grew into a prosperous borough in the Middle Ages through trade in wheat, hides, cloth and bone lace. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Marlow became a very fashionable place to live, and it was this period which saw the building of the Parish Church, as well as some other notable buildings in the town. The Church today is a thriving centre of local worship as well as being one of the most striking landmarks of the town. The fine spire rises to 170 feet and, together with Marlow bridge, forms one of the most handsome scenes on the banks of the Thames.

 
 
Marlow Old Church before 1789, when the wooden bridge was demolished.
 
 
The Old Church in the early nineteenth century. Dormer windows have been added and the wing to the south of the tower has been demolished. The whole building was demolished in 1832.
 
  BUILDING THE PRESENT CHURCH
The Parish Church, dedicated to All Saints, was built on the site of an earlier one which was demolished in 1832. The date of erection of the old Church is obscure, but records show that a Church existed here at least as early as 1070 A.D. when Saint Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester, visited the town. At the time it was raining heavily and this aggravated the marshy ground, resulting in the good Bishop losing a shoe in the mud on his way to the Church.
 
 
It would seem that such a state of damp and flooding has existed for many centuries. In 1777 the churchwardens paid the sum of six guineas to a Richard Darby "for a cast iron brazier wherein to make a large charcoal fire to warm the Church". There is a footnote to the entry -"it has been found most comfortable".

In 1830, an architect, Mr. James Savage, wrote: "The Church is occasionally inundated with water, leaving a durable mark on the pew framing 17 inches above the paving. The mischievous consequences.................call loudly for amendment". Shortly after this, in late 1831, the wooden spire collapsed with part of the tower. It was decided to rebuild.

 
 
The new church, consecrated in 1835.
 
 
The interior between 1867, when the chancel was built, and 1881, when the galleries were removed. The springings for the eastern arches of the nave arcade can be seen either side of the chancel arch.
 
 

The construction of the present Church of All Saints dates from 1835 and is of Staffordshire brick with Bath stone dressings. The Chancel of split flint with stone dressings was added in 1867, and the old galleries which ran round the Church were removed in 1882. A new three-span roof, supported on a double line of arcades, was added in 1889. This addition divided the former wide body of the Church into Nave and Aisles. In 1898-9, the Spire was rebuilt from a design of J.O. Scott and contains a peal of 8 bells and a saunce (sanctus) bell, the oldest, cast in 1694 by Samuel Knight of Reading. The rebuilt Spire, extensively restored in 1990-3, completed the Church as we see it today.

 
 
The interior after 1889. The lighting is by gasoliers.
 
 
The church after the new roof had been built in 1889.
 
 


MONUMENTS AND DECORATION
Whilst interesting monuments were lost with the old Church, some have survived, and together with more modern examples, form a fascinating study. Some are described below, together with other items of interest:

SOUTH AISLE
On the South wall near the Lady Chapel is a monument to Sir William Willoughby, d. 1597. He is shown in gilded armour with his wife, three sons, and three daughters, all in black and wearing ruffs. The colours were added after the death of the children. Sir William was Sheriff of Buckingham and a great benefactor to the poor of Marlow. The helmet over the Willoughby memorial is also Elizabethan.

LADY CHAPEL
The Lady Chapel holds a large number of memorials to several local families, including those of Wethered, Fearnley-Wittingstall, Hawarth and others. Some memorials are of stone, some carved into the oak panelling, and a beautifully simple one in the Chapel window commemorates Francis John Wethered, d. 1942.

SANCTUARY
Two bishops from this Church are remembered: Robert Milman, Bishop of Calcutta, d. 1876, by the East window, and Charles Smythies, Bishop of Zanzibar, d. 1894, by the oak panelling and chairs in the Sanctuary. Two South windows are to the memory of members of the Wethered family and were added in 1873 and 1876.

NORTH AISLE AND ORGAN
The Organ was built by "Father" Willis in 1876 and renovated in 1996 at a cost of £140 000 by Manders. All the original pipework is retained and little added or modified, so that the tonal scheme has been preserved in all its splendour.
Above the War Memorial, the Peace window shows Our Lord and an adoring Angel attended by a soldier, a sailor and an airman. The War Memorial holds the names of those who fell in the 1914-18 War. Alongside is a Memorial to those who fell in the 1939-1945 War, unveiled in October 1999.

NAVE
At the West end of the Nave is a list of Rectors and Vicars of Marlow dating from William de Neketon who was instituted in 1204. It is interesting to note that the advowson (the right to grant the benefice) was granted by the Lord of the Manor, one Robert Fitz Hamon, sometime before 1107 to Tewksbury Abbey, who held it until 1247 apart from a brief seizure by King John in 1203. It then rested with the Earl of Gloucester, as Lords of the Manor, until 1494 when it was returned to the Abbey. In 1541 it was granted to Gloucester Cathedral and in 1855 transferred to the Bishop of Oxford.

Note also the Washington monument in the North West corner of the Church. This commemorates the great, great aunt of George Washington, the first President of the U.S.A., and her husband William Horsepool. The Arms of Washington - 3 "stars" and 2 "stripes" (heraldic bars) have sometimes been described as the origin of the "Stars and Stripes" flag of the United States.

HATCHMENTS
The Hatchments (a corruption of "Achievements") are 13 in number, the oldest of which is that of Sir William Clayton, 1st Baronet (d. 1744), which is the second from the West wall on the North side. There are 3 other Clayton hatchments on this wall and 2 of the Ellison family. On the South wall are hatchments of Sir James Nicoll Morris (d. 1830), Admiral of the Red under Queen Victoria, and Lady Morris. The hatchments of Thomas and Sarah Wethered are above the Lady Chapel altar.

PORCH
In the porch there is a monument to Sir Miles Hobart who died as a result of a coach accident in 1632, having been a Member of Parliament for Marlow in the reign of Charles I. He took a leading part in the protest of Parliament against the King's illegal impositions. The monument vividly communicates the manner of his death and was erected on the order of Parliament, being paid for by public subscription. It was probably the first monument in England to be erected in this way.

EXTERIOR
The Churchyard has some interesting and ancient gravestones. The oldest have long since lost any inscriptions and lie to the North East of the Church. Also on the North side lies John Richardson, born in the Old Workhouse, in Mundy Dean Lane, and famous as a showman. He was laid here in 1836 with a partly albino child from the Caribbean whom he had shown about the country as the Spotted Boy. Sadly the climate proved too much for the child who died at the age of four in 1813. Two headstones back to back mark the tomb, and the child's portrait hangs on the West wall of the North Aisle.

 

 

 
The church after the Lady Chapel had been created by enclosure with parclose screens in the 1920s. The electric lighting pendants appear to have reused the lower part of the earlier gasoliers, inverted.
 
 
Inside the church - present day
 
     

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